If you want to view details in AX 2012 the standard way is using the mouse -> Right click -> click on view details. But you can get there evan faster and without using the mouse.
The ShortCut to open the context menu is SHIFT + F10 or the ContextMenu Key between ALT GR and STRG. Clicking this followed by the key V will open the View details.
SHIFT + F10 -> V
or
This also works with other letters. If you use F for example then you need to press enter if you want to Filter by Field or use the down arrow and press enter.